The Historical Climate — Air Temperature indicator shows the historical time series of mean, maximum, and minimum air temperature at 2 metres above ground, based on ERA5/ERA5-Land reanalysis data. Temperature is one of the primary drivers of phenological cycles: it determines plant flowering dates, insect egg hatching timing, and the onset of pollinator activity. Shifts in seasonal mean temperatures affect the metabolism of all organisms, alter the geographic distribution of species, and modulate overall ecosystem productivity.
Data are sourced from the Open-Meteo Historical Weather API, which provides ERA5/ERA5-Land reanalysis data from 1940 to the present at approximately 10 km resolution. The variable used is temperature_2m (air temperature at 2 m above ground). Mean, maximum, and minimum values are returned for each day. Data are interpolated to the geographic position of the site.
| Code | Name | Provider | Type | Coverage | Availability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WRD_OPNMT_99 | Open-Meteo Historical Weather API | Open-Meteo | db | Global | 1940–present |
Historical series of the average air temperature at 2m from the ground based on ERA5 reanalysis. Open-Meteo Variable: temperature_2m (daily average, max, min). Source: Open-Meteo Historical Weather API. Unit: °C.