Clima Storico — Temperatura del Suolo (0–7 cm)

Microclimatev01.00 credits/fixed

Responsible:Niccolò Calandri

Historical Climate — Soil Temperature (0–7 cm)

Overview

The Historical Climate — Soil Temperature (0–7 cm) indicator shows the historical time series of soil temperature in the surface layer (0–7 cm), based on ERA5-Land reanalysis data. This shallow layer is critical for seed germination and microbiological activity, as organic matter decomposition rates are strongly governed by near-surface thermal conditions. The survival of ground-nesting pollinators — including many solitary bee species — is directly tied to the thermal regime of this layer during winter and early spring.

Calculation Methodology

Data from the Open-Meteo Historical Weather API (ERA5-Land reanalysis, 1940–present, ~10 km). Variable: soil_temperature_0_to_7cm.

Data Sources

Code	Name	Provider	Type	Coverage	Availability
`WRD_OPNMT_99`	Open-Meteo Historical Weather API	Open-Meteo	db	Global	1940–present

References

Hersbach, H. et al. (2020). QJRMS, 146(730), 1999-2049.
Muñoz-Sabater, J. et al. (2021). ESSD, 13, 4349-4383.
Open-Meteo Historical Weather API

Data Sources & References

Sources

WRD_OPNMT_99

Methodology

Historical time series of soil temperature in the 0–7 cm layer based on ERA5-Land reanalysis. Open-Meteo variable: soil_temperature_0_to_7cm. Source: Open-Meteo Historical Weather API. Unit: °C.