Clima Storico — Temperatura del Suolo (0–100 cm)

Microclimatev01.00 credits/fixed

Responsible:Niccolò Calandri

Historical Climate — Soil Temperature (0–100 cm)

Overview

The Historical Climate — Soil Temperature (0–100 cm) indicator shows the historical time series of the depth-integrated mean soil temperature across the full soil profile (0–100 cm), based on ERA5-Land reanalysis data. This value represents the overall thermal state of the soil, blending the rapid response of surface layers with the thermal inertia of deeper horizons. The impact on plant growth and soil organism vitality — from bacterial microflora and fungal communities to macrofauna and root systems — is best captured by this integrated mean, as it reflects the holistic thermal environment throughout the year.

Calculation Methodology

Data from the Open-Meteo Historical Weather API (ERA5-Land reanalysis, 1940–present, ~10 km). Variable: soil_temperature_0_to_100cm.

Data Sources

Code	Name	Provider	Type	Coverage	Availability
`WRD_OPNMT_99`	Open-Meteo Historical Weather API	Open-Meteo	db	Global	1940–present

References

Hersbach, H. et al. (2020). QJRMS, 146(730), 1999-2049.
Muñoz-Sabater, J. et al. (2021). ESSD, 13, 4349-4383.
Open-Meteo Historical Weather API

Data Sources & References

Sources

WRD_OPNMT_99

Methodology

Historical time series of soil temperature in the entire 0–100 cm profile based on ERA5-Land reanalysis. Open-Meteo Variable: soil_temperature_0_to_100cm. Source: Open-Meteo Historical Weather API. Unit: °C.